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01/18/2003 Entry: "Justice"
My friends Gutless Pacificist and Bible Geek have begun a conversation about "justice". It started with an issue about a university's admissions policy, but inevitably ranges wider than that. They seem to be pretty well in agreement, and I think this is a representative quotation:
Scripture and the Church teach us that the world is fundamentally unfair. Things go haywire and from time to time nearly everyone has to bite the bullet in one situation or another. Therefore, any social program that benefits a group of people, say the poor, ought not have the goal of fairness and equalization ("social justice"), rather it ought to be rightly understood as a gracious act that is totally unfair, which would be the whole point.I hear what's being said about the world not being fair, and I'm sure there is plenty of scope in the world for people to act toward one another with unmerited graciousness. I'm all for that.Even so, to say that "social justice" is not a central part of the church's mission is very wide of the mark in my (not very) humble opinion. You might as well say that the church has no business pursuing righteousness, because these two words are translations of the same word in the scriptures.In the Old Testament sadiq has a legal meaning as its root, but has a broader sweep than that. For a king, it means good government (eg Isaiah 32:1), for the ordinary people it means treating neighbours as partners in the covenant (eg Amos 5:6,7) - for everyone it means acknowledgement of God in life and worship (Ezekiel 18:5-9).In Paul, dikaiosuné is both granted to (Romans 5:17) and demanded of (Romans 6:12-23) believers, because the gift provides the basis for a "change of ownership" (Romans 6:17,18). Christians are called to live in righteousness - justice - because they serve a master who is righteous. Matthew's gospel makes this even more plain: dikaiosuné is both an expression of the salvation given by God and a condition of it. Underlying both Paul and Matthew the Hebrew understanding of the sadiq of God remains - the expectation that God will vindicate those who are oppressed (Psalm 146:7) - those who hunger and thirst for justice will be satisfied (Matthew 5:6).
So I'd want to argue that it is the calling of the Church to "seek first the kingdom of God and his justice" - in individual relationships, in families, in our communities and between the nations. The call to righteousness is now and always has been a call to justice.
Replies:
I agree that Christians will sometimes understand "justice" differently from the world, because we will have the righteousness of God as our standard. But I don't think it is as complicated as you suggest for us because the Bible has some pretty clear guidance.If the wealthy exploit the poor, that's injustice.If widows and orphans go uncared for, that's injustice.If strangers are ill-treated, that's injustice.
In Christian terms, justice is more than a merely concept. It will always be concrete. I agree it is about more than "fairness" (and its secular companion "tolerance"). It will go further than both.
Posted by Richard @ 01/18/2003 09:11 PM CST
I put the term social justice in quotation marks because I was using it in the sense of equality or fairness that most peopole in my experience seem to associate with it. However, social justice as a function of the Church may or may not be, even in the terms Richard uses, a goal toward which we should strive. Justice ultimately belongs to God. We find in Scripture, especially in the NT, and in the person of Jesus Christ, that God's justice isn't what we could have guessed. When we deserved punishment, God gave us forgiveness and a place with Him in eternity. Justice, for God, and for the Church, is graciousness. Because of the connotation of equality and fairness employed by the state, and by Constintian disposed churches with the term "social justice", I would rather speak of the Church's work as "social graciousness." We work grace in the world. That is true justice. If we wish to speak of justice, let us qualify the term, lest we create confusion about what we mean.
Posted by Bible Geek @ 01/18/2003 07:00 PM CST